Philanthropy

Multiple Realizability Multiple Realizability- John Bickle discusses the contention that a given mental kind (property, state, event) is realized by distinct physical kinds. Epiphenomenalism Epiphenomenalism- Discusses the view that mental events are caused by physical events in the brain, but have no effects upon any physical events. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, b… The Identity Theory of Mind The Identity Theory of Mind- Evaluates the theory that holds that states and processes of the mind are identical to states and processes of the brain. By J. J. C. Smart of Monash. Mental Representation Mental Representation- According to the Representational Theory of Mind, psychological states are to be understood as relations between agents and mental representations. By David… Connectionism Connectionism- Movement in cognitive science which hopes to explain human intellectual abilities using artificial neural networks. By James W. Garson of the University of Houston. Cognitive Science Cognitive Science- The study of mind and intelligence. By Paul Thagard of the University of Waterloo. Semantic Challenges to Realism Semantic Challenges to Realism- Realism and the representation problem; by Drew Khlentzos. Propositional Attitude Reports Propositional Attitude Reports- Explores semantic accounts of propositional attitude reports, and some of the theories developed to deal with Frege's puzzle. From the Stanford Enc… Singular Propositions Singular Propositions- Propositions about a particular object or individual in virtue of having the object or individual as a constituent of the proposition. By G. W. Fitch. Analysis Analysis- The historical development and conceptual structure of philosophical analysis; by Michael Beaney. Structured Propositions Structured Propositions- To say that propositions are structured is to say that they are complex entities, entities having parts or constituents. By Jeffrey C. King. Logical Form Logical Form- Introduction to logical form, surface and deep meaning. By Paul M. Pietroski, University of Maryland. Logical Constructions Logical Constructions- Bernard Linsky, University of Alberta. Truthlikeness Truthlikeness- Discussion of notion of verisimilitude, closeness to truth; by Graham Oddie. The Correspondence Theory of Truth The Correspondence Theory of Truth- The thesis that propositions are made true in virtue of corresponding to facts; by Marian David. Revision Theory of Truth Revision Theory of Truth- Theory developed to analyze paradoxes that appear to show that common-sense beliefs about truth are inconsistent. By Eric M. Hammer. Identity Theory of Truth Identity Theory of Truth- When a truth-bearer is true, there is a truth-maker with which it is identical and the truth of the former consists in its identity with the latter. By S… Deflationary Theory of Truth Deflationary Theory of Truth- According to the deflationary theory of truth, to assert that a statement is true is just to assert the statement itself. By Daniel Stoljar. Coherence Theory of Truth Coherence Theory of Truth- The truth of any (true) proposition consists in its coherence with some specified set of propositions. By James O. Young. Properties Properties- Entry in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy by Chris Swoyer. Principally concerned with existence and identity conditions. Vagueness Vagueness- By Roy Sorensen. Relevance Logic Relevance Logic- By Edwin D. Mares, Victoria University of Wellington. Informal Logic Informal Logic- By Leo Groarke, Wilfrid Laurier University. Relative Identity Relative Identity- The view that there are objects which are the same F yet not the same G; by Harry Deutsch. The Identity of Indiscernibles The Identity of Indiscernibles- Peter Forrest introduces the principle of analytic ontology formulated by Leibniz, stating that no two distinct substances exactly resemble each ot… Paraconsistent Logic Paraconsistent Logic- By Graham Priest and Koji Tanaka. Dialetheism Dialetheism- Dialeth(e)ism is the view that there are true contradictions. By Graham Priest of the University of Queensland. Curry's Paradox Curry's Paradox- Discussion of a semantic paradox due to Haskell B. Curry; by J. C. Beall. Sorites Paradox Sorites Paradox- By Dominic Hyde. Russell's Paradox Russell's Paradox- By A. D. Irvine. War War- Article on the ethics of war and peace, the Just War theory, and pacifism. From the Stanford Encyclopedia, by Brian D. Orend. The Free Rider Problem The Free Rider Problem- Philosophical issues related to collective action; by Russell Hardin. Punishment Punishment- Philosophical justifications of punishment; by Hugo Adam Bedau. Consequentialism Consequentialism- The view that normative properties depend only on consequences; by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong. Feminist Ethics Feminist Ethics- By Rosemarie Tong, Davidson College. Environmental Ethics Environmental Ethics- Branch of ethics dealing with the moral relationship of humans to the environment; by Andrew Brennan and Yeuk-Sze Lo. Laws of Nature Laws of Nature- Philosophical theories about what it is to be a law; by John W. Carroll. Scientific Explanation Scientific Explanation- Philosophical theories about the nature of explanation in science; by James Woodward. Intertheory Relations in Physics Intertheory Relations in Physics- Discussion of theory reduction in science; by Robert Batterman. Social Dimensions of Scientific Knowledge Social Dimensions of Scientific Knowledge- Discusses the impact of social relations and values on scientific research; by Helen Longino. Scientific Realism Scientific Realism- The thesis that science discovers truths about a theory-independent reality; by Richard Boyd. Space and Time: Inertial Frames Space and Time: Inertial Frames- Frames of reference relative to which motion and rest are measured; by Robert DiSalle. Experiments in Physics Experiments in Physics- By Allan Franklin, University of Colorado. Being and Becoming in Modern Physics Being and Becoming in Modern Physics- Discusses implications of general relativity for the philosophy of time; by Steven Savitt. Holism and Nonseparability in Physics Holism and Nonseparability in Physics- Comprehensive article by Richard Healey of the University of Arizona. Nineteenth Century Geometry Nineteenth Century Geometry- By Roberto Torretti, Universidad de Chile. Inconsistent Mathematics Inconsistent Mathematics- By Chris Mortensen, University of Adelaide. Constructive Mathematics Constructive Mathematics- By Douglas Bridges from Waikato University. Indispensability Arguments in the Philosophy of Mathematics Indispensability Arguments in the Philosophy of Mathematics- By Mark Colyvan, University of Tasmania. Biodiversity Biodiversity- Discussion of philosophical issues related to biological diversity; by Daniel P. Faith.