Religion and Spirituality

Jarcke, Karl Ernst Jarcke, Karl Ernst- Born 10 November, 1801, at Danzig, Prussia; died 27 December, 1852, at Vienna. He belonged to a Protestant merchant family. He took up the study of jurispruden… John of Biclaro John of Biclaro- Chronicler, born in Portugal, probably about the middle of the sixth century; died after 621. John of Hauteville John of Hauteville- Moralist and satirical poet of the twelfth century (flourished about 1184). Jaffa Jaffa- A titular see in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem. Jocelin of Wells Jocelin of Wells- Bishop of Bath and Wells, d. 19 Nov., 1242. John of Antioch John of Antioch- There are four persons commonly known by this name. John, Gospel of John, Gospel of- According to the traditional order, the Gospel of St. John occupies the last place among the four canonical Gospels. Jauregui, Juan de Jauregui, Juan de- A Spanish painter and poet, born at Seville c. 1570, or, according to some, as late as 1583; died at Madrid c. 1640-1. John XXI (XX), Pope John XXI (XX), Pope- Born at Lisbon between 1210 and 1220; enthroned, 1276; died at Viterbo, 20 May, 1277. John XIX (XX), Pope John XIX (XX), Pope- Enthroned in 1024; d. 1032. John XVIII (XIX), Pope John XVIII (XIX), Pope- Successor of John XVII, consecrated Christmas, 1003; d. June, 1009. John XVII (XVIII), Pope John XVII (XVIII), Pope- Date of birth unknown; d. 6 Nov., 1003. John XVI (XVII) John XVI (XVII)- Antipope 997-998; d. probably in 1013. John XV (XVI), Pope John XV (XVI), Pope- Enthroned 985; d. April, 996. John VI, Pope John VI, Pope- A Greek, the date of whose birth is unknown; d. 11 January, 705. John V, Pope John V, Pope- A Syrian whose father was one Cyriacus; when he was born is not known; d. 2 August, 686. John IV, Pope John IV, Pope- A native of Dalmatia, and the son of the scholasticus (advocate) Venantius. John III, Pope John III, Pope- A Roman surnamed Catelinus, d. 13 July, 574. John II, Pope John II, Pope- A Roman and the son of Projectus; if not born in the second region (Coelimontium) he had at least been a priest of St. Clement's Basilica. Judaizers Judaizers- A party of Jewish Christians in the Early Church, who either held that circumcision and the observance of the Mosaic Law were necessary for salvation and in consequence… Jesi Jesi- Diocese in the Province of Ancona, Italy, immediately subject to the Holy See. Jenks, Silvester Jenks, Silvester- Theologian, born in Shropshire, c. 1656; died in December, 1714. Jews, History of the Jews, History of the- Of the two terms, Jews and Judaism, the former denotes usually the Israelites or descendants of Jacob (Israel) in contrast to Gentile races; the latter, the … Jumièges, Abbey of Jumièges, Abbey of- Founded in 634 by St. Philibert, who had been the companion of Sts. Ouen and Wandrille at the Merovingian court. Jerusalem, Liturgy of Jerusalem, Liturgy of- The Rite of Jerusalem is that of Antioch. Jandel, Alexandre Vincent Jandel, Alexandre Vincent- General of the Dominican order, born at Gerbevilliers (Lorraine), 18 July, 1810; died at Rome, 11 December, 1872. Joan, Popess Joan, Popess- The fable about a female pope, who afterwards bore the name of Johanna (Joan), is first noticed in the middle of the thirteenth century. Justification Justification- A biblio-ecclesiastical term; which denotes the transforming of the sinner from the state of unrighteousness to the state of holiness and sonship of God. Jeaurat, Edmond Jeaurat, Edmond- French engraver, b. at Vermenton, near Auxerre, 1688; d. at Paris, 1738. Jansenius and Jansenism Jansenius and Jansenism- The subject of this article lived three-quarters of a century later than his namesake. He was born 28 October, 1585, of a Catholic family, in the village … Joseph Calasanctius of the Mother of God, Pious Workers of Saint Joseph Calasanctius of the Mother of God, Pious Workers of Saint- Founded at Vienna, 24 November, 1889, by Father Anton Maria Schwartz for all works of charity, but especially the… Jesu Dulcis Memoria Jesu Dulcis Memoria- A poem ranging from forty two to fifty three stanzas (in various manuscripts), to form the three hymns of the Office of the Holy Name. Jurisdiction, Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction, Ecclesiastical- The right to guide and rule the Church of God. Jews (as a Religion) Jews (as a Religion)- Judaism designates the religious communion which survived the destruction of the Jewish nation by the Assyrians and the Babylonians. Jesus Christ, Character of Jesus Christ, Character of- The surpassing eminence of the character of Jesus has been acknowledged by men of the most varied type. Jesus Christ, Chronology of the Life of Jesus Christ, Chronology of the Life of- Includes absolute and relative chronologies. Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of (1099-1291) Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of (1099-1291)- Founded as a result of the First Crusade, in 1099. Destroyed a first time by Saladin in 1187, it was re-established around Saint-Jean d'Ac… John of Falkenberg John of Falkenberg- Author, b. at Falkenberg, Pomerania, Prussia, date unknown; d. about 1418 in Italy. Jaén Jaén- Diocese in Southern Spain. Jerusalem (Before A.D. 71) Jerusalem (Before A.D. 71)- This article deals with the destruction by the Romans after it had become the scene of the Redemption. Jemez Pueblo Jemez Pueblo- An Indian pueblo situated upon the north bank of the river of the same name about twenty miles north-west of Bernalillo, New Mexico. Jouin, Louis Jouin, Louis- Linguist, philosopher, author, b. at Berlin, 14 June, 1818, d. at New York, 10 June, 1899. Jesuit Apologetic Jesuit Apologetic- The accusations brought against the Society have been exceptional for their frequency and fierceness. Jerusalem (71-1099) Jerusalem (71-1099)- History in several periods to the first crusade. Jehu Jehu- The derivation of the name is uncertain. By some it is translated "Yahweh is he". Several by this name are noted in the article. John of Saint Thomas John of Saint Thomas- Theologian, born at Lisbon, 9 June, 1589; died at Fraga, Spain, 17 June, 1644. Jaricot, Pauline-Marie Jaricot, Pauline-Marie- Foundress of the Society of the Propagation of the Faith and the Association of the Living Rosary, born at Lyons, 22 July, 1799; died there, 9 January, 186… Jouffroy, Claude-François-Dorothée de Jouffroy, Claude-François-Dorothée de- Mechanician, b. at Abbans, near Besançon, 30 Sept., 1751; d. at Paris, 18 July, 1832. Jehoshaphat, Valley of Jehoshaphat, Valley of- Mentioned in only one passage of the Bible (Joel, iii-Heb. text, iv). Jubilee, Year of (Hebrew) Jubilee, Year of (Hebrew)- According to the Pentateuchal legislation contained in Leviticus, a Jubilee year is the year that follows immediately seven successive Sabbatic years (t…