Philanthropy

Mind and Body: Rene Descartes to William James Mind and Body: Rene Descartes to William James- By Robert H. Wozniak, Bryn Mawr College. History of philosophical and scientific reactions to "the Cartesian impasse". Spanish tran… The Simulation Argument The Simulation Argument- Site examining the hypothesis that we are currently living in an "ancestor simulation" run by a future, post-human society. Includes papers and research l… Center for Consciousness Studies at the University of Arizona. Center for Consciousness Studies at the University of Arizona.- The main institutional center for Consciousness Studies. Host of the Tucson "Toward a Science of Consciousness" con… Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - The Turing Test Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy - The Turing Test- Proposal due to Alan Turing for a criterion of the presence of mind or consciousness; by Graham Oppy and David Dowe. An atheist philosophy beyond the "bright" attitude An atheist philosophy beyond the "bright" attitude- The naturalism of the Bright Movement is present in Real Dualism, but even an anthropologic analysis that get over the traditio… Humboldt State University: Argumentation and Critical Thinking Tutorial Humboldt State University: Argumentation and Critical Thinking Tutorial- Jay VerLinden's resource offering reviews and tests on important concepts in formal logic. Frege's Theorem Frege's Theorem- Article in the Stanford Encylcopaedia of Philosophy, entitled `Frege's Logic, Theorem, and Foundations for Arithmetic'. Discusses the 1980 discovery of Crispin Wr… Tips on Translating English into First-Order Logic Tips on Translating English into First-Order Logic- An introductory guide by Peter Suber. Symbolic Logic Symbolic Logic- Online resources provided to supplement undergraduate course taught by Peter Suber. Good collection of handouts. Logic Logic- An online textbook by Garth Kemerling, explaining the basic elements of elementary logic at an undergraduate level. Why Aristotelian Logic does not Work Why Aristotelian Logic does not Work- An essay at Abelard.org outlining an argument against Aristotelian syllogistic. Peirce's Logic Peirce's Logic- Article in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, by Eric Hammer. Philosophy of Language in Classical China Philosophy of Language in Classical China- Historical overview by Chad Hansen of interpretations of language in the major schools of philosophical thought in classical China (up t… Interview with John Searle on the Philosophy of Language Interview with John Searle on the Philosophy of Language- Bryan Magee speaking with John Searle and discussing the philosophy of language. Part 1 of a 4 part series. History of the Philosophy of Language History of the Philosophy of Language- New World Encyclopedia's overview and history of the philosophy of language. Bibliography of Work in the Philosophy of Language Bibliography of Work in the Philosophy of Language- Browsable and searchable database of works pertaining to the philosophy of language. Maintained by the Karlsruhe Institute of T… Pragmatism and the Philosophy of Language Pragmatism and the Philosophy of Language- Wide-ranging article by Danielle MacBeth. From the Wilfrid Sellars' archive. Structural Linguistics and Formal Semantics Structural Linguistics and Formal Semantics- Article by Jaroslav Peregrin, discussing to what extent Chomsky's views displace Saussure's. Wikipedia - Philosophy of Language Wikipedia - Philosophy of Language- Acknowledges difficulties in defining the field but suggests a focus mainly on questions of meaning and truth. Theory and History Theory and History- Ludwig von Mises's book "Theory and History: An interpretation of social and economic evolution", which criticizes historicism, scientism and dialectical mater… UnderstandingSociety UnderstandingSociety- Links to documents containing Professor Daniel Little's application of the philosophy of science's approach to the philosophy of history. Miller, John William Miller, John William- Joseph Fell's summary of John William Miller's philosophy. Islamic Philosophy of History Islamic Philosophy of History- Al-Islam site's explanation of the (Shi'ite) Islamic philosophy of history. Philosophy of History Archive Philosophy of History Archive- A Russian site (in English) offering a listing of philosophy of history resources worldwide. Philosophy of History: A Guide for Students Philosophy of History: A Guide for Students- M.C. Lemon's introduction to the Philosophy of History, aimed at students of history. Published by the Questia Online Library. Variations on a Theme: History as Knowledge of the Past Variations on a Theme: History as Knowledge of the Past- E-text of lectures by George L. Anderson. About.com FAQ About.com FAQ- Brief introductory summary of the Philosophy of History. Karl Popper Karl Popper- Karl Popper's criticism of the belief that history is determined by rules. Hegel's Philosophy of History Hegel's Philosophy of History- Hegel's philosophy of history from a historian's perspective. The End of History and the Last Man - Wikipedia The End of History and the Last Man - Wikipedia- Wikipedia entry for Francis Fukuyama's essay, which challenges the Marxist philosophy of history Hayden White's "Metahistory" Hayden White's "Metahistory"- Summarizes Hayden White's book "Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth Century Europe", which categories 19th Century historians and p… Ibn Khaldun - Life and Work Ibn Khaldun - Life and Work- Summary of the influential Muslim philosopher's work - in the context of his life experiences. Enlightenment: Objectivist Scholarship Enlightenment: Objectivist Scholarship- Articles from authors following the method of objectivity. Geoffrey Elton's Philosophy of History Geoffrey Elton's Philosophy of History- Summary of the historian Geoffrey Elton's philosophy of history. Wikipedia Definition Wikipedia Definition- Brief introductory summary of the Philosophy of History. Progressive Socialism Philosophy of History Progressive Socialism Philosophy of History- Philosophy of history by Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar - founder of the Progressive Utilization Theory (PROUT) also known as Progressive Socia… Christian Philosophy of History Christian Philosophy of History- Comparison between Jacques Maritain and Nicolas Berdyaev's Christian philosophy of history and their impact on the Christian views of history and … Philosophers of History Philosophers of History- Summarizes the works of St. Augustine, Kant, Herder, Hegel, Marx, Spengler and Toynbee. Forrester, Rochelle Forrester, Rochelle- Site attempts to explain the causes of historical social and cultural change, featuring articles about the discovery of agriculture, the invention of the stea… Friesian School's Philosophy of History Friesian School's Philosophy of History- Essays on philosophy of history from the Proceedings of the Friesian School. Summaries of Asian and ancient European philosophies of histo… Feminist History of Philosophy Feminist History of Philosophy- Addresses the male-centric distortions in the main philosophies of history. Five Epochs of Civilization Five Epochs of Civilization- Summary of William McGaughey's "Five Epochs of Civilization", which splits history into four epochs each centered on a key communication technology. T… Identities: How Governed, Who Pays? Identities: How Governed, Who Pays?- Universal principles of governance in history, based on the concept of individual and group identity, by H. B. Paksoy. Canadian Philosophy of Education Society Canadian Philosophy of Education Society- Devoted to philosophical inquiry into educational issues and their relevance for developing educative, caring, and just teachers, schools… Philosophy of Education Society Philosophy of Education Society- PES is the national society for philosophy of education in the U.S. This site provides information about PES, its services, history, and publicati… International Network of Philosophers of Education International Network of Philosophers of Education- INPE is dedicated to fostering dialogue amongst philosophers of education around the world. It sponsors an international confer… Wikipedia - Philosophy of Education Wikipedia - Philosophy of Education- Overview of the topic. Far West Philosophy of Education Society Far West Philosophy of Education Society- The Far Western Philosophy of Education Society invites you to join us for its 50th anniversary celebration. The theme of this annual con… Ohio Valley Philosophy of Education Society Ohio Valley Philosophy of Education Society- OVPES is a professional association of philosophers of education. We host an annual conference in the Ohio Valley region and sponsor a… Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain- PESGB promotes the study, teaching, and application of philosophy of education. It has an international membership. The site prov…