Philanthropy

Russell's Paradox Russell's Paradox- Entry in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy by A. D. Irvine. The Epimenides Paradox The Epimenides Paradox- An analysis of several attempted resolutions of the Epimenides Paradox (also known as the Liar Paradox), showing how they all fail. LogicalParadoxes.info LogicalParadoxes.info- A collection of proofs leading to absurd conclusions. Paradoxes and Dilemmas Paradoxes and Dilemmas- Common paradoxes and dilemmas, particularly of the social type: the Voting Paradox, Prisoner's Dilemma, Newcomb's Paradox, Unexpected Hanging, Execution Pa… Diagrams (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) Diagrams (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)- Article from the encyclopedia edited by Zalta, Nodelman and Allen (Metaphysics Research Lab – Center for the Study of Language and … Semantics and Ontology in Quantified Modal Logic Semantics and Ontology in Quantified Modal Logic- Discussion about how to individuate a single formal system as paradigmatic for a philosophical view, by Stefano Borgo and Claudio… To Be and to Belong To Be and to Belong- Lecture on the fundamentals of philosophy by Juan José Luetich. Definitions are the undertaking of ontology; confronting definitions engages the field of dial… Why are logic and ontology prior to language? Why are logic and ontology prior to language?- A review on the picture theory and the expressive theory of language and a possible conciliation, by Berislav Žarnić. Issues of logic, algebra and topology in ontology Issues of logic, algebra and topology in ontology- The interpretation of the symbols involved in a case study of geometric logic, being aided by a presentation of the logic as a s… Relating ontology and logic Relating ontology and logic- The thesis of this book is that Russell's work in logic cannot be understood separately from his ontological ideas, here somewhat archaically labeled … Essence, the metaphysical ground of logic and language Essence, the metaphysical ground of logic and language- The bankruptcy of logic, the stultification of reason and the meaninglessness of all views, by Colin L. Dean Logical Properties Logical Properties- Patricia Blanchette reviews this book by Colin McGinn. From Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews. Logic and Formal Ontology Logic and Formal Ontology- Essay that begins with an exposition of Husserl's act-based conception of what a science is, and goes on to consider his account of the role of linguist… Vagueness, Logic, and Ontology Vagueness, Logic, and Ontology- Article by Achille Varzi about vagueness of boundaries in definitions and categories. On the Origins of Analytic Philosophy On the Origins of Analytic Philosophy- Review of the German and Austrian traditions of post-Kantian philosophy. Austrian philosophy is characterized by a concentration on problems… On the Logic of the Ontological Argument On the Logic of the Ontological Argument- Article by Paul E. Oppenheimer and Edward N. Zalta which presents a formalization of the ontological argument. The Philosophy of Bernard Bolzano: Logic and Ontology The Philosophy of Bernard Bolzano: Logic and Ontology- A selection of critical judgements on the philosophy of Bernard Bolzano, with a focus on his contributions to logic and onto… The Role of Logic and Ontology in Language and Reasoning The Role of Logic and Ontology in Language and Reasoning- This article analyzes the design of automated systems for reasoning in terms of Peirce’s semiotics and Wittgenstein’s lan… Logic and Ontology Logic and Ontology- Review of the historical relation between logic and ontology and of the opposition between the views of logic as language and logic as calculus. Meaning and the Problem of Universals Meaning and the Problem of Universals- Subtitled a "Kantian-Friesian approach", an article by Kelley L. Ross. A historical survey of the problem of universals. Critics of the Model Theory of Deduction Critics of the Model Theory of Deduction- Which approach to formalism better matches our normal reasoning, proof theory or model theory? Resource page concerned with this controve… Conceptanalysis, Language and Logic Conceptanalysis, Language and Logic- Short review to the history and the founders of conceptanalysis. Discusses the scheme of languages, logic and abstractions and presents a 2-le… Logic and Artificial Intelligence Logic and Artificial Intelligence- Report by Selmer Bringsjord, discussing the history of Artificial Intelligence, and its close relationship to work in logic. Logic and Fallacies Logic and Fallacies- Atheism Web's guide to logic and fallacies in practical reasoning. What is a Fallacy? Understanding Defective Arguments What is a Fallacy? Understanding Defective Arguments- Describes and explains formal and informal fallacies. Logical Fallacies and the Art of Debate Logical Fallacies and the Art of Debate- A guide to using logical fallacies in debate. SkepDic - Logic and Perception SkepDic - Logic and Perception- Articles with many examples covering all variations of faulty thinking. Propaganda Critic Propaganda Critic- Discusses various propaganda techniques, provides contemporary examples of their use, and proposes strategies of mental self-defense. PRIME: Fallacies PRIME: Fallacies- A short article on informal fallacies from the Platonic Realms Interactive Mathematics Encyclopedia. Logical Rudeness Logical Rudeness- Entertaining article by Peter Suber discussing the rationality of a certain kind of rhetorical blocking strategy. Informal Logic Informal Logic- Article in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, by Leo Groarke. Logical Fallacies Logical Fallacies- Explanations and examples of common logical mistakes. The Nizkor Project: Fallacies The Nizkor Project: Fallacies- 42 informal logical fallacies explained by Dr. Michael C. Labossiere, including examples. The Fallacy Files The Fallacy Files- Explains and gives examples of logical fallacies from the media and everyday life, with references to sources. Relative Identity Relative Identity- The view that there are objects which are the same F yet not the same G; from the Stanford Encyclopedia by Harry Deutsch. The Identity of Indiscernibles The Identity of Indiscernibles- Entry by Peter Forrest in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. The principle is due to Leibniz, and states two entities are identical if they … Universiteit van Tilburg: On Partial and Paraconsistent Logics Universiteit van Tilburg: On Partial and Paraconsistent Logics- Paper by Reinhard Muskens on logical systems in which the principle of bivalence and the principle of non-contradic… Paraconsistent Logic Paraconsistent Logic- The development of paraconsistent logic was initiated in order to challenge the logical principle that anything follows from contradictory premises, ex contr… Dialetheism Dialetheism- A dialetheia is a true contradiction, a statement, A, such that both it and its negation, A, are true. Hence, dialeth(e)ism is the view that there are true contradict… Peirce and Philo Peirce and Philo- Discusses Charles Peirce's account of conditionals, hypotheticals, and what he takes from Cicero's account of the debate between Philo and Diodorus. Conditional Sentences Conditional Sentences- Lecture notes on the analysis of condition sentences by Paul Kay. Relevance Logic Relevance Logic- Article in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy, by Edwin Mares. Paradoxes of Material Implication Paradoxes of Material Implication- Lecture notes by Peter Suber. Arché research group at St. Andrews Arché research group at St. Andrews- Homepage of the Arché research centre, founded by Crispin Wright at the University of St. Andrews. It is concerned with the philosophy of logi… Seminar Series on Mind and Language at NYU Seminar Series on Mind and Language at NYU- Series of lectures from 1998 at New York University. Includes links to speakers reprints. Hauser, Larry Hauser, Larry- Philosopher of mind and language, especially concerned with issues in cognitive science. Extensive online resources provided. Fara, Delia Graff Fara, Delia Graff- Associate Professor and philosopher of language based at Princeton University. Wright, Crispin Wright, Crispin- NYU based philosopher working on the relationship between the Theory of Language and Metaphysics. Penco, Carlo Penco, Carlo- University of Genova based philosophy of language professor. Publications, biographical information, and course materials. Smith, Barry Smith, Barry- Professor of Philosophy and of Cognitive Science at Buffalo University. Extensive resource covering his wide-ranging interests, with a focus on conceptual ontologies.