Programmin­g

NesC NesC- A language for Deeply Networked Systems, implemented as a C extension based on structuring concepts and execution model of TinyOS, an event-driven OS for sensor network node… LoI (Language of Interaction) LoI (Language of Interaction)- Designed to support interaction-oriented programming. This paradigm is especially suitable for the design of reactive component-based systems like d… Linda Linda- Simple library implementation of the Linda parallel programming system. SourceForge project page: downloads, forum and CVS. Esterel Esterel- One of a family of synchronous languages which are particularly well-suited to programming reactive systems, including real-time systems and control automata. Petri Nets World Petri Nets World- Petri Nets is a formal and graphical appealing language which is appropriate for modelling systems with concurrency. Cilk Project Cilk Project- Concurrent language for parallel programming based on ANSI C. Source code, manual, papers and research into parallel chess programs. C# Strikes a Chord C# Strikes a Chord- Compares 4 languages: C, C++, C#, Java. Shows family genealogy. [Dr. Dobb's Journal] University of Michigan's Language Guide University of Michigan's Language Guide- Each entry includes history, description, code examples, and references. An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl- By Lutz Prechelt. Neutral, quantitative analysis of 7 languages in title, for 7 variables, via 80 implementat… The Computer Language Benchmarks Game The Computer Language Benchmarks Game- Performance measurements and source code for multiple benchmark programs in different languages; with side-by-side comparisons between any t… Are Scripting Languages the Wave of the Future? Are Scripting Languages the Wave of the Future?- Programming guru, Robert Martin, on languages of the coming decade. [ITworld.com] Syntax Across Languages Syntax Across Languages- Operator names and syntax elements in various programming languages. Python Compared to Other Languages Python Compared to Other Languages- Many links to comparisons involving Python. Ray Tracer Language Comparison Ray Tracer Language Comparison- Mini ray tracer benchmark written equivalently in C++, Java, SML, Objective Caml, Lisp, Scheme. Compares verbosity, performance; text, code samples… Nine Language Performance Round-up: Benchmarking Math & File I/O Nine Language Performance Round-up: Benchmarking Math & File I/O- Small-scale benchmark test run on 9 languages or variants: Java 1.3.1 and 1.4.2, C via gcc 3.3.1, Python 2.3.2 an… TIOBE Programming Community Index: TPCI TIOBE Programming Community Index: TPCI- Updated monthly. Shows language popularity via world-wide availability of skilled engineers, courses, 3rd party vendors. Calculated from s… D vs Other Languages D vs Other Languages- Yes-No table with definitions compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, on: GC, functions, arrays, OOP, performance, reliability, compatibility, conditional compiling. [… An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl for a Search/string-processing Program An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl for a Search/string-processing Program- One set of requirements, 80 implementations, coded by 74 different pro… Java and C++ Resource Management Comparison Java and C++ Resource Management Comparison- Detailed discussion of the techniques used in Java and C++ to implement leak free and exception safe resource management. Covers memor… Multi-Core Ant Colony Optimization for TSP in Erlang Multi-Core Ant Colony Optimization for TSP in Erlang- Compares Erlang, GHC Haskell, Standard ML (Alice, MLton); text, tables, graphs. Forth and Not C Forth and Not C- Pro-Forth text explains why C is used more than Forth. Forth Versus C Forth Versus C- Pro-Forth question and answer text, some questions have several answers. Why to Move from ASM to C Why to Move from ASM to C- Brief text compares Assembly to C; lower to higher level language. ScienceProg. Programming Languages Study Programming Languages Study- Includes: diagram, history of languages; history of language concepts; syntax across languages; Scriptometer measures scripting ease of languages; mut… Team Eiffel: The Zen of Python, Part I Team Eiffel: The Zen of Python, Part I- Text compares Python and Eiffel, via Tim Peters' Zen rules. Eiffel and Delphi Compared Eiffel and Delphi Compared- Text compares differences of several main aspects. Perl vs. Python vs. Ruby Perl vs. Python vs. Ruby- Comparison with text, code samples, many reader comments. Michael Tsai weblog. Accumulator Generator Accumulator Generator- Compares canonical solutions to same problem as code samples in: C++, Dylan, E, Erlang, Haskell, JavaScript, Lisp (Arc, Common, Goo, Scheme), Lua, Maple, Ma… Lisp as an Alternative to Java Lisp as an Alternative to Java- Ron Garret / Erann Gat comparison, starts from 1999 Prechelt study results, adds many insights; as text, a few tables. [Intelligence] Lisp as an Alternative to Java Lisp as an Alternative to Java- Brief text on comparisons of C, C++, Java, Lisp, Ron Garret / Erann Gat study, with conforming example program Lisp source code; very useful links. What Languages Fix What Languages Fix- Compares many languages in brief text, describes each by the problem it fixes. [Paul Graham] Simple Programs in Various Different Programming Languages Simple Programs in Various Different Programming Languages- Common algorithms and other sample code in the languages: Bash and Bourne shells, C/C++, Java, MATLAB/Octave, Perl, Pyt… C#: A Language Alternative or Just J--?, Part 1 C#: A Language Alternative or Just J--?, Part 1- Compares C# to Java, describes features and design trade-offs, places C# in context of broader Microsoft .Net strategy. Text, tabl… Qtime Collection, FTP Download, Gzipped Qtime Collection, FTP Download, Gzipped- Display time as English sentence, coded in: AWK, C, ICI, Icon, JavaScript, Lite/mSQL, PHP3, Pike, Python, REBOL, Rexx, Ruby, SLang, Spanne… Programming Language Benchmarks Programming Language Benchmarks- Compares the same program in Ada, C, Forth, FORTRAN, Java, Lisp, Perl, R, Ruby. Goal: support decisions in language choice for making compute-inte… Schizoid Classes: Of Class, Type, and Method Schizoid Classes: Of Class, Type, and Method- Compares Java and Smalltalk, in text and table. By Rodney Bates. [ACM Queue] Languages Versus D Languages Versus D- Growing table compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, Delphi, Python, Perl, Eiffel, Sather, Smalltalk, Lisp/CLOS, Ada. Many clarifying comments below. [Wiki4D, Open Cont… The Case against C The Case against C- Five short essays compare C (and C++ by extension) to Fortran: Why C is Not a Good Numerical Language, Why C is Not a Good First Language, C's Poor Loop Constr… The C Family of Languages The C Family of Languages- Interview with Dennis Ritchie, Bjarne Stroustrup, James Gosling. Comparisons of Tcl with Other Systems Comparisons of Tcl with Other Systems- Many comparisons between Tcl/Tk and other similar systems, most copied from comp.lang.tcl. 99 Bottles of Beer on the Wall 99 Bottles of Beer on the Wall- Shows source code implementation for the same simple program across over 250 different programming languages. TMXxine Languages TMXxine Languages- Brief comparison Curl with High Level assembler, BCX, Dark Basic, Mono (C#/.Net implementation), Python, Squeak, XBasic/XBlite. Curl applet examples. Programming Languages Mini-howto Programming Languages Mini-howto- Briefly compares major Linux programming languages: C, C++, Fortran, Java, Lisp, Perl, PHP, Python, Tcl; by Risto S. Varanka. The BNF Web Club Language The BNF Web Club Language- Browse, explore some programming language syntax rules, see relations between rules, understand them via BNF (Backus-Naur Form notation) and syntactic d… What's Wrong with Perl What's Wrong with Perl- Author explains what he considers wrong about Perl, presents Python as an alternative. Descriptions, code samples, links. Ada, C, C++, and Java vs. The Steelman Ada, C, C++, and Java vs. The Steelman- Compares 4 programming languages (Ada 95, C, C++, Java) with the needs of "Steelman", original 1978 requirements document for Ada language.… Ada 95, Java, and C++ Ada 95, Java, and C++- Some think Java is like C++. Usual C++ idioms do not apply to Java as it is not a C++ superset or subset; Java is a derivation with many modifications, exte… CLOS, Eiffel, and Sather: A Comparison CLOS, Eiffel, and Sather: A Comparison- References, zipped Postscript, and inlined gifs. Guidelines for Choosing a Computer Language: Support for the Visionary Organizations Guidelines for Choosing a Computer Language: Support for the Visionary Organizations- Multipage study compares: 4GL/5GL, 3GL (Ada 95, C, C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, Java, Smalltalk), 2GL… Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language- Brian Kernighan's comparison of Pascal and C